> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://firecrawl-abimaelmartell-agent-default-model.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Python

> Firecrawl Python SDK is a wrapper around the Firecrawl API to help you easily turn websites into markdown.

## Installation

To install the Firecrawl Python SDK, you can use pip:

```python Python theme={null}
# pip install firecrawl-py

from firecrawl import Firecrawl

firecrawl = Firecrawl(api_key="fc-YOUR-API-KEY")
```

## Usage

1. Get an API key from [firecrawl.dev](https://firecrawl.dev)
2. Set the API key as an environment variable named `FIRECRAWL_API_KEY` or pass it as a parameter to the `Firecrawl` class.

Here's an example of how to use the SDK:

```python Python theme={null}
from firecrawl import Firecrawl

firecrawl = Firecrawl(api_key="fc-YOUR_API_KEY")

# Scrape a website:
scrape_status = firecrawl.scrape(
  'https://firecrawl.dev', 
  formats=['markdown', 'html']
)
print(scrape_status)

# Crawl a website:
crawl_status = firecrawl.crawl(
  'https://firecrawl.dev', 
  limit=100, 
  scrape_options={
    'formats': ['markdown', 'html']
  }
)
print(crawl_status)
```

### Scraping a URL

To scrape a single URL, use the `scrape` method. It takes the URL as a parameter and returns the scraped document.

```python Python theme={null}
# Scrape a website:
scrape_result = firecrawl.scrape('firecrawl.dev', formats=['markdown', 'html'])
print(scrape_result)
```

<Note>
  The Python SDK converts all response field names from camelCase to snake\_case. For example, metadata fields like `ogImage`, `ogTitle`, and `sourceURL` from the API become `og_image`, `og_title`, and `source_url` in the SDK response.
</Note>

### Crawl a Website

To crawl a website, use the `crawl` method. It takes the starting URL and optional options as arguments. The options allow you to specify additional settings for the crawl job, such as the maximum number of pages to crawl, allowed domains, and the output format. See [Pagination](#pagination) for auto/manual pagination and limiting.

```python Python theme={null}
job = firecrawl.crawl(url="https://docs.firecrawl.dev", limit=5, poll_interval=1, timeout=120)
print(job)
```

### Sitemap-Only Crawl

Use `sitemap="only"` to crawl sitemap URLs only (the start URL is always included, and HTML link discovery is skipped).

```python Python theme={null}
job = firecrawl.crawl(url="https://docs.firecrawl.dev", sitemap="only", limit=25)
print(job.status, len(job.data))
```

### Start a Crawl

<Tip>Prefer non-blocking? Check out the [Async Class](#async-class) section below.</Tip>

Start a job without waiting using `start_crawl`. It returns a job `ID` you can use to check status. Use `crawl` when you want a waiter that blocks until completion. See [Pagination](#pagination) for paging behavior and limits.

```python Python theme={null}
job = firecrawl.start_crawl(url="https://docs.firecrawl.dev", limit=10)
print(job)
```

### Checking Crawl Status

To check the status of a crawl job, use the `get_crawl_status` method. It takes the job ID as a parameter and returns the current status of the crawl job.

```python Python theme={null}
status = firecrawl.get_crawl_status("<crawl-id>")
print(status)
```

### Cancelling a Crawl

To cancel an crawl job, use the `cancel_crawl` method. It takes the job ID of the `start_crawl` as a parameter and returns the cancellation status.

```python Python theme={null}
ok = firecrawl.cancel_crawl("<crawl-id>")
print("Cancelled:", ok)
```

### Map a Website

Use `map` to generate a list of URLs from a website. The options let you customize the mapping process, including excluding subdomains or utilizing the sitemap.

```python Python theme={null}
res = firecrawl.map(url="https://firecrawl.dev", limit=10)
print(res)
```

### Crawling a Website with WebSockets

To crawl a website with WebSockets, start the job with `start_crawl` and subscribe using the `watcher` helper. Create a watcher with the job ID and attach handlers (e.g., for page, completed, failed) before calling `start()`.

```python Python theme={null}
import asyncio
from firecrawl import AsyncFirecrawl

async def main():
    firecrawl = AsyncFirecrawl(api_key="fc-YOUR-API-KEY")

    # Start a crawl first
    started = await firecrawl.start_crawl("https://firecrawl.dev", limit=5)

    # Watch updates (snapshots) until terminal status
    async for snapshot in firecrawl.watcher(started.id, kind="crawl", poll_interval=2, timeout=120):
        if snapshot.status == "completed":
            print("DONE", snapshot.status)
            for doc in snapshot.data:
                print("DOC", doc.metadata.source_url if doc.metadata else None)
        elif snapshot.status == "failed":
            print("ERR", snapshot.status)
        else:
            print("STATUS", snapshot.status, snapshot.completed, "/", snapshot.total)

asyncio.run(main())
```

### Pagination

Firecrawl endpoints for crawl and batch scrape return a `next` URL when more data is available. The Python SDK auto-paginates by default and aggregates all documents; in that case `next` will be `None`. You can disable auto-pagination or set limits to control pagination behavior.

#### PaginationConfig

Use `PaginationConfig` to control pagination behavior when calling `get_crawl_status` or `get_batch_scrape_status`:

```python Python theme={null}
from firecrawl.v2.types import PaginationConfig
```

| Option          | Type   | Default | Description                                                                                                      |
| --------------- | ------ | ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `auto_paginate` | `bool` | `True`  | When `True`, automatically fetches all pages and aggregates results. Set to `False` to fetch one page at a time. |
| `max_pages`     | `int`  | `None`  | Stop after fetching this many pages (only applies when `auto_paginate=True`).                                    |
| `max_results`   | `int`  | `None`  | Stop after collecting this many documents (only applies when `auto_paginate=True`).                              |
| `max_wait_time` | `int`  | `None`  | Stop after this many seconds (only applies when `auto_paginate=True`).                                           |

#### Manual Pagination Helpers

When `auto_paginate=False`, the response includes a `next` URL if more data is available. Use these helper methods to fetch subsequent pages:

* **`get_crawl_status_page(next_url)`** - Fetch the next page of crawl results using the opaque `next` URL from a previous response.
* **`get_batch_scrape_status_page(next_url)`** - Fetch the next page of batch scrape results using the opaque `next` URL from a previous response.

These methods return the same response type as the original status call, including a new `next` URL if more pages remain.

#### Crawl

Use the waiter method `crawl` for the simplest experience, or start a job and page manually.

##### Simple crawl (auto-pagination, default)

* See the default flow in [Crawl a Website](#crawl-a-website).

##### Manual crawl with pagination control

Start a job, then fetch one page at a time with `auto_paginate=False`. Use `get_crawl_status_page` to fetch subsequent pages:

```python Python theme={null}
crawl_job = client.start_crawl("https://example.com", limit=100)

# Fetch first page
status = client.get_crawl_status(
    crawl_job.id,
    pagination_config=PaginationConfig(auto_paginate=False)
)
print("First page:", len(status.data), "docs")

# Fetch subsequent pages using get_crawl_status_page
while status.next:
    status = client.get_crawl_status_page(status.next)
    print("Next page:", len(status.data), "docs")
```

##### Manual crawl with limits (auto-pagination + early stop)

Keep auto-pagination on but stop early with `max_pages`, `max_results`, or `max_wait_time`:

```python Python theme={null}
status = client.get_crawl_status(
    crawl_job.id,
    pagination_config=PaginationConfig(max_pages=2, max_results=50, max_wait_time=15),
)
print("crawl limited:", status.status, "docs:", len(status.data), "next:", status.next)
```

#### Batch Scrape

Use the waiter method `batch_scrape`, or start a job and page manually.

##### Simple batch scrape (auto-pagination, default)

* See the default flow in [Batch Scrape](/features/batch-scrape).

##### Manual batch scrape with pagination control

Start a job, then fetch one page at a time with `auto_paginate=False`. Use `get_batch_scrape_status_page` to fetch subsequent pages:

```python Python theme={null}
batch_job = client.start_batch_scrape(urls)

# Fetch first page
status = client.get_batch_scrape_status(
    batch_job.id,
    pagination_config=PaginationConfig(auto_paginate=False)
)
print("First page:", len(status.data), "docs")

# Fetch subsequent pages using get_batch_scrape_status_page
while status.next:
    status = client.get_batch_scrape_status_page(status.next)
    print("Next page:", len(status.data), "docs")
```

##### Manual batch scrape with limits (auto-pagination + early stop)

Keep auto-pagination on but stop early with `max_pages`, `max_results`, or `max_wait_time`:

```python Python theme={null}
status = client.get_batch_scrape_status(
    batch_job.id,
    pagination_config=PaginationConfig(max_pages=2, max_results=100, max_wait_time=20),
)
print("batch limited:", status.status, "docs:", len(status.data), "next:", status.next)
```

## Error Handling

The SDK handles errors returned by the Firecrawl API and raises appropriate exceptions. If an error occurs during a request, an exception will be raised with a descriptive error message.

## Async Class

For async operations, use the `AsyncFirecrawl` class. Its methods mirror `Firecrawl`, but they don't block the main thread.

```python Python theme={null}
import asyncio
from firecrawl import AsyncFirecrawl

async def main():
    firecrawl = AsyncFirecrawl(api_key="fc-YOUR-API-KEY")

    # Scrape
    doc = await firecrawl.scrape("https://firecrawl.dev", formats=["markdown"])  # type: ignore[arg-type]
    print(doc.get("markdown"))

    # Search
    results = await firecrawl.search("firecrawl", limit=2)
    print(results.get("web", []))

    # Crawl (start + status)
    started = await firecrawl.start_crawl("https://docs.firecrawl.dev", limit=3)
    status = await firecrawl.get_crawl_status(started.id)
    print(status.status)

    # Batch scrape (wait)
    job = await firecrawl.batch_scrape([
        "https://firecrawl.dev",
        "https://docs.firecrawl.dev",
    ], formats=["markdown"], poll_interval=1, timeout=60)
    print(job.status, job.completed, job.total)

asyncio.run(main())
```

## Browser

Launch cloud browser sessions and execute code remotely.

### Create a Session

```python Python theme={null}
from firecrawl import Firecrawl

app = Firecrawl(api_key="fc-YOUR-API-KEY")

session = app.browser()
print(session.id)             # session ID
print(session.cdp_url)        # wss://cdp-proxy.firecrawl.dev/cdp/...
print(session.live_view_url)  # https://liveview.firecrawl.dev/...
```

### Execute Code

```python Python theme={null}
result = app.browser_execute(
    session.id,
    code='await page.goto("https://news.ycombinator.com")\ntitle = await page.title()\nprint(title)',
    language="python",
)
print(result.result)  # "Hacker News"
```

Execute JavaScript instead of Python:

```python Python theme={null}
result = app.browser_execute(
    session.id,
    code='await page.goto("https://example.com"); const t = await page.title(); console.log(t);',
    language="node",
)
```

### Profiles

Save and reuse browser state (cookies, localStorage, etc.) across sessions:

```python Python theme={null}
session = app.browser(
    ttl=600,
    profile={
        "name": "my-profile",
        "save_changes": True,
    },
)
```

### Connect via CDP

For full Playwright control, connect directly using the CDP URL:

```python Python theme={null}
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

with sync_playwright() as p:
    browser = p.chromium.connect_over_cdp(session.cdp_url)
    context = browser.contexts[0]
    page = context.pages[0] if context.pages else context.new_page()

    page.goto("https://example.com")
    print(page.title())

    browser.close()
```

### List & Close Sessions

```python Python theme={null}
# List active sessions
sessions = app.list_browsers(status="active")
for s in sessions.sessions:
    print(s.id, s.status, s.created_at)

# Close a session
app.delete_browser(session.id)
```